PHILIP II Roman Caesar Provincial Mint Ancient Coin CYBELE with LIONS i48882

Description

Item:
i48882
Authentic Ancient Coin of:
Philip II
-
Roman Caesar
: 244-249 A.D. -
Bronze 21mm (4.57 grams) of
Roman provincial mint
Laureate, draped and cuirassed bust right.
Cybele seated left in turreted crown, holding patera & drum, lion either side of her.  Description
You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity.
Cybele
(
Phrygian
:
Matar Kubileya/Kubeleya
"
Kubeleyan
Mother", perhaps "
Mountain
Mother";
Lydian
Kuvava
;
Greek
:
Kybele
,) was an originally
Anatolian
mother goddess
. Little is known of her oldest Anatolian cults, other than her association with mountains, hawks and lions. She may have been
Phrygia
's state deity; her Phrygian cult was adopted and adapted by Greek colonists of
Asia Minor
and spread from there to mainland Greece and its more distant
western colonies
from around the 6th century BCE.
In Greece, Cybele met with a mixed reception. She was partially assimilated to aspects of the Earth-goddess
Gaia
, her
Minoan
equivalent
Rhea
, and the Corn-Mother goddess
Demeter
. Some city-states, notably
Athens
, evoked her as a protector, but her most celebrated Greek rites and processions show her as an essentially foreign, exotic mystery-goddess who arrives in a lion-drawn chariot to the accompaniment of wild music, wine, and a disorderly, ecstatic following. Uniquely in Greek religion, she had a
transgender
or
eunuch
mendicant
priesthood. Many of her Greek cults included rites to a divine Phrygian castrate shepherd-consort
Attis
, who was probably a Greek invention. In Greece, Cybele is associated with
mountains
, town and city walls, fertile nature, and wild animals, especially
lions
.
In Rome, Cybele was known as Magna Mater ("Great Mother"). The Roman State adopted and developed a particular form of her cult, and claimed her conscription as a key religious component in their success against Carthage during the
Punic Wars
.
Roman mythographers
reinvented her as a
Trojan
goddess, and thus an ancestral goddess of the Roman people by way of the Trojan prince
Aeneas
. With Rome's eventual
hegemony
over the Mediterranean world, Romanised forms of Cybele's cults spread throughout the Roman Empire. The meaning and morality of her cults and priesthoods were topics of debate and dispute in Greek and Roman literature, and remain so in modern scholarship.
Marcus Julius Philippus Severus
, also known as
Philippus II
,
Philip II
and
Philip the Younger
(238 – 249) was the son and heir of the
Roman Emperor
Philip the Arab
by his wife Roman Empress
Marcia Otacilia Severa
. According to numismatic evidence, he had a sister called Julia Severa or Severina, whom the ancient Roman sources do not mention.
When his father became emperor in 244 he was appointed
Caesar
. Philippus was
consul
in 247 and 248. His father was killed in battle by his successor
Decius
in 249. When news of this death reached Rome, he was murdered by the
Praetorian Guard
. He died in his mother's arms. When he died, he was eleven years old.
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