ELAGABALUS Bisexual Emperor Edessa Ancient Roman Coin TYCHE LUCK i23011

Description

Item:
i23011
Authentic Ancient Roman Coin of:
Elagabalus - Roman Emperor: 218-222 A.D. -
Bronze 16mm (4.03 grams) of Edessa in Mesopotamia
Laureate head left.
Turreted and veiled head of Tyche left.
You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity.
Tyche (pronounced Too-kee; Greek for luck; the Roman equivalent was Fortuna) was the presiding tutelary deity that governed the fortune and prosperity of a city, its destiny. Increasingly during the Hellenistic period, cities had their own specific iconic version of Tyche, wearing a mural crown (a crown like the walls of the city).
Edessa
(
Ancient Greek
:
Ἔδεσσα
;
Syriac
:
ܐܘܪܗܝ
;
Armenian
:
Եդեսիա
) is the historical name of an
Assyrian/Syriac
town in northern
Mesopotamia
, refounded on an ancient site by
Seleucus I Nicator
. For the modern history of the city, see
Şanlıurfa
.
Elagabalus
(pronounced El-uh-GAB-uh-lus, c. 203 – March 11, 222), also known as
Heliogabalus
or
Marcus
Aurelius Antoninus
, was a
Roman Emperor
of the
Severan dynasty
who reigned from 218 to 222. Born
Varius Avitus Bassianus
, he was
Syrian
on his mother's side, the son of
Julia Soaemias
and
Sextus Varius Marcellus
, and in his early youth he served as a priest of the god
El-Gabal
at his hometown,
Emesa
. Upon becoming emperor he took the name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, and was called Elagabalus only a long time after his death.
In 217, the emperor
Caracalla
was murdered and replaced by his
Praetorian prefect
, Marcus Opellius
Macrinus
. Caracalla's maternal aunt,
Julia Maesa
, successfully instigated a revolt among the
Third Legion
to have her eldest grandson, Elagabalus, declared as emperor in his place. Macrinus was defeated on June 8, 218, at the
Battle of Antioch
, upon which Elagabalus, barely fourteen years old, ascended to the imperial power and began a reign that was marred by infamous controversies, to put it mildly.
During his rule, Elagabalus showed a disregard for Roman religious traditions and sexual taboos. He was married as many as five times and is reported to have prostituted himself in the imperial palace. Elagabalus replaced
Jupiter
, head of the
Roman pantheon
, with a new god,
Deus Sol Invictus
, and forced leading members of Rome's government to participate in religious rites celebrating this deity, which he personally led.
Amidst growing opposition, Elagabalus, only 18 years old, was assassinated and replaced by his cousin
Alexander Severus
on March 11, 222, in a plot formed by his grandmother, Julia Maesa, and members of the
Praetorian Guard
. Elagabalus developed a reputation among his contemporaries for eccentricity, decadence, and zealotry which was likely exaggerated by his successors and political rivals. This propaganda was passed on and, as a result, he was one of the most reviled Roman emperors to early historians. For example,
Edward Gibbon
wrote that Elagabalus "abandoned himself to the grossest pleasures and ungoverned fury." "The name Elagabalus is branded in history above all others" because of his "unspeakably disgusting life," wrote
B.G. Niebuhr
.
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