Archaios | Provincial Thrace Deultum Severus Alexander Artemis Bow Hound | 26.4

Description

Archaios Numismatics
__________________________________________
Description:
Pseudo Autonomous Roman Provincial Bronze Coin of Severus Alexander from Deultum in Thrace. Circa 222-235 AD.
Obverse:
Emperor Severus Alexander Laureate and draped bust right,
IMP C M AVR SEV ALEXAND AVG
around.
Reverse:
Artemis standing right holding bow and drawing an arrow from her quiver with excited houndat her feet bounding forward ;
COL FL PA-C DEVLT
(Colonia Flavia Pacis Deultum)
around
Mint:
Deultum, Thrace
Size:
25 mm
Weight:
9.58 g
Ref:
SNG Copenhagen 539; Moushmov 3583;
Condition:
VF. Quite a wonderful dynamic type with Artemis and Hound !
As always, Please use the Pictures as your judge as grading is subjective.
Note:
Deultum
was an ancient Roman inland colony within Thrace established by Emperor during the ruling of emperor Vespasian at the head of the gulf of Burgas between Anchialus and Apollonia located in present day town of Debelt,Bulgaria.
. The colony was
established by the veterans of the 8th Augustan Legion
in the late 1st century. It was a common practice to help enhance defense of the frontier by colonial expansion creating towns of free roman citizens seeded with veterans of the military. In this case it may be that they chose this location for its proximity to the neighbouring region of Moesia, where VIII Augusta was formerly based.
There was a port by the town, which was situated by the present Mandrensko Lake. By the end of the 2nd century and the beginning of the 3rd century, Deultum had an area of approximately 62 acres and there were temples dedicated to Asclepius and Cybele.
A mint was active at Deultum from the reign of Caracalla to that of Emperor Philip the Arab
.
There are ruins of the ancient site still present in the area.
The provincial and imperial coins exist generally with Latin inscription:
COL. FL. PAC. DEVLT ( or C. F. P. D.)
for the full name of the town:
Colonia Flavia Pacis Deultum
(Flavius was the family name of emperor Vespasian [Titus Flavius Vespasian] and Pacis meaning Peace).
Among others the various coinage types were : River-god and Thalassa recumbent ; Perseus rescuing Andromeda; Three nymphs, etc.
Severus Alexander
( Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander Augustus; c. 208 – 235 AD) was Roman Emperor from 222 to 235 and the last emperor of the Severan dynasty. He succeeded his cousin Elagabalus upon the latter's assassination in 222. His own assassination marked the epoch event for the Crisis of the Third Century—nearly 50 years of civil wars, foreign invasion.
Alexander was the heir to his cousin, Elagabalus, the 18-year-old Emperor who had been murdered along with his mother
by his own guards, who, as a mark of contempt, had their remains cast into the Tiber. He and his cousin were both grandsons of the influential and powerful Julia Maesa, who had arranged for Elagabalus' acclamation as emperor by the famous Third Gallic Legion. It was the rumor of Alexander's death that triggered the assassination of Elagabalus and his mother.
His 13-year reign was the longest reign of a sole emperor since Antoninus Pius. He was also the second-youngest ever sole legal Roman Emperor during the existence of the united empire, the youngest being Gordian III.
Severus Alexander
became emperor when he was around 14 years old
, making him the youngest emperor in Rome's history which was true until the ascension of Gordian III as emperor.
Alexander's peacetime reign was prosperous
. Under the influence of his mother, Alexander did much to improve the morals and condition of the people, and to enhance the dignity of the state.
In religious matters, Alexander displayed an open mind and appears to be christian leaning :
- According to the Historia Augusta, he wished to erect a temple to Jesus but was dissuaded by the pagan priests (however, much of this book is said to be falsifications and modern scholars deem it almost completely untrustworthy). Per Livius He allowed a synagogue to be built in Rome, and he gave as a gift to this synagogue a scroll of the Torah known as the Severus Scroll.
In legal matters, Alexander also did much to aid the rights of his soldiers
: He confirmed that soldiers could name anyone as heirs in their will, whereas civilians had strict restrictions over who could become heirs or receive a legacy. He also confirmed that soldiers could free their slaves in their wills, protected the rights of soldiers to their property when they were on campaign,] and reasserted that a soldier's property acquired in or because of military service (his castrense peculium) could be claimed by no-one else, not even the soldier's father.
During Alexander's reign Rome was militarily confronted with the rising Sassanid Empire and growing incursions from the tribes of Germania. He managed to check the threat of the Sassanids. But when campaigning against Germanic tribes, Alexander attempted to bring peace by engaging in diplomacy and bribery. This alienated many in the Roman Army and led to a conspiracy to assassinate and replace him.
Some Excerpts From Head, Hist. Num., and Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
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